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Flag of Bhutan  Economy of Bhutan


Economy - overview:
 The economy, one of the world's smallest and least developed, is based on agriculture and forestry, which provide the main livelihood for more than 60% of the population. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Rugged mountains dominate the terrain and make the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links and dependence on India's financial assistance. The industrial sector is technologically backward, with most production of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labor. Model education, social, and environment programs are underway with support from multilateral development organizations. Each economic program takes into account the government's desire to protect the country's environment and cultural traditions. For example, the government, in its cautious expansion of the tourist sector, encourages visits by upscale, environmentally conscientious tourists. Detailed controls and uncertain policies in areas such as industrial licensing, trade, labor, and finance continue to hamper foreign investment. Hydropower exports to India had a major impact on growth in 2007.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
 $3.359 billion (2007 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
 $1.308 billion (2007 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
 22.4% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
 $5,200 (2007 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
 agriculture: 22.3% industry: 37.9% services: 39.8% (2006)
Labor force:
 NA note: major shortage of skilled labor
Labor force - by occupation:
 agriculture: 63% industry: 6% services: 31% (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate:
 2.5% (2004)
Population below poverty line:
 31.7% (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
 lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
 4.9% (2007 est.)
Budget:
 revenues: $272 million expenditures: $350 million note: the government of India finances nearly three-fifths of Bhutan's budget expenditures (2005)
Public debt:
 81.4% of GDP (2004)
Agriculture - products:
 rice, corn, root crops, citrus, foodgrains; dairy products, eggs
Industries:
 cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide, tourism
Industrial production growth rate:
 9.3% (1996 est.)
Electricity - production:
 2 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - consumption:
 380 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports:
 1.5 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports:
 20 million kWh (2005)
Oil - production:
 0 bbl/day (2005)
Oil - consumption:
 1,200 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - exports:
 0 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports:
 1,138 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves:
 0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
Natural gas - production:
 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
 0 cu m (2005)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
 0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Current account balance:
 $116 million (2007 est.)
Exports:
 $350 million f.o.b. (2006)
Exports - commodities:
 electricity (to India), cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, precious stones, spices
Exports - partners:
 India 58.6%, Hong Kong 30.1%, Bangladesh 7.3% (2007)
Imports:
 $320 million c.i.f. (2006)
Imports - commodities:
 fuel and lubricants, grain, aircraft, machinery and parts, vehicles, fabrics, rice
Imports - partners:
 India 74.5%, Japan 7.4%, Sweden 3.2% (2007)
Economic aid - recipient:
 $941.2 million; note - substantial aid from India (2006)
Debt - external:
 $713.3 million (2006)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
 $NA
Currency (code):
 ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR)
Exchange rates:
 ngultrum per US dollar - 41.487 (2007), 45.279 (2006), 44.101 (2005), 45.317 (2004), 46.583 (2003) note: the ngultrum is pegged to the Indian rupee
Fiscal year:
 1 July - 30 June

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<a title="Flag of Bhutan" href="http://www.bttranslations.com/countries/flag-of-bhutan.htm" >Flag of Bhutan</a> from the site of <a title="BTT Translation Company" href="http://www.bttranslations.com/">BTT Translation Services</a>
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Country Profile of Bhutan
Communications of Bhutan
Economy of Bhutan
Geography of Bhutan
Government of Bhutan
Transnational Issues of Bhutan
Military of Bhutan
People of Bhutan
Transportation of Bhutan

The information above is a partial reproduction of Google Maps and the CIA World Factbook.


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